Small eustelic coniferous trees with orthotropic stem, plagiotropic branches, and dense wood. Leaves helically arranged, simple on ultimate branches, forked on more proximal branches. Fertile organs consisting of simple pollen cones and compound ovulate cones. Pollen cone axis bearing helically arranged amphistomatic sporophylls with adaxial pollen sacs bearing eusaccate prepollen.
Voltzialean plants with compact ovulate cones bearing bilateral bract-scale complexes; sterile bracts free from dwarf shoots, with forked tip; ovuliferous dwarf shoots with 15-30 sterile scales and 1 or 2 (rarely 3-5) narrow, cylindrical fertile scales; ovules one per fertile scale, apical, inverted (adapted from Mapes & Rothwell 1984, 1991, 2003)
systematic position:
Pinopsida, Voltziales
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical):
Ed Baker,
Katherine Bouton
Alice Heaton
Dimitris Koureas,
Laurence Livermore,
Dave Roberts,
Simon Rycroft,
Ben Scott,
Vince Smith